source file: mills2.txt Date: Sun, 16 Feb 1997 05:07:28 -0800 Subject: Ockeghem From: Manuel.Op.de.Coul@ezh.nl (Manuel Op de Coul) Today it is precisely 500 years ago that Johannes Ockeghem died. He lived from c. 1425 to 6 February 1497. Today it is the 16th but 10 days were skipped with the beginning of the Gregorian calendar. Because of the coincidence with the moment of which I have collected exactly 500 modes in a list, I will post it for the occasion. Ockeghem was one of the highest regarded musicians of his time. One of his famous masses, Missa Cuiusvis Toni, which means something like 'mass in a mode of choice', is a composition that can be performed in at least three of the four authentic church modes (Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian and Mixolydian). Here's the list. The numbers between square brackets indicate another starting note than degree 0, which makes a difference in modes of an unequal scale. In this case degree 0 can also be absent. The numbers are number of steps of each interval, so in twelve notes per octave they are semitones, in 24/oct. quartertones, and in unequal scales they have different sizes. ! ! 7 tone modes: 1 1 2 1 2 Thai mode 1 1 2 1 2 1 Thai mode 2 2 1 1 2 1 Thai mode 6 ! ! 7 tone modes of pelog: 1 1 2 1 2 Patet Lima, Patet Nem, Jawar, Selisir [1] 1 2 1 1 2 Patet Barang 1 2 1 1 2 Patet Lima, Nem with Pelog [1] 1 1 2 1 2 Patet Barang with Pelog, Manangis [3] 1 1 2 1 2 Liwung [4] 1 1 2 1 2 Nyorog, Tembung [5] 1 1 2 1 2 Nyorog handap, Sunaren 2 1 1 2 1 Pelog 1 3 1 1 1 Dangsoe 1 2 1 2 1 Bem 2 1 2 1 1 Miring 1 1 1 3 1 Menjoera [2] 1 1 2 1 2 Baro ! ! 12 tone modes: 4 3 5 Raga Malasri 1 5 1 5 Messiaen's truncated mode 5 5 1 5 1 Messiaen's truncated mode 5 inverse 2 4 2 4 Messiaen's truncated mode 6 4 2 4 2 Messiaen's truncated mode 6 inverse 2 3 4 3 Raga Bhavani 2 3 2 5 Raga Viravasantam, Raga Vivardhini, Genus primum 2 3 2 1 4 Han-kumoi: Japan 2 1 4 1 4 Hira-joshi: Japan 1 4 2 1 4 Hon-kumoi-joshi, Sakura: Japan, Raga Salanganata, Raga Saveri 1 4 2 3 2 Kokin-joshi, In-sen: Japan, Raga Vibhavari (Revati) 1 4 1 4 2 Iwato: Japan 2 3 2 2 3 Ritusen: Japan, Raga Devakriya, Durga, Suddha Saveri, Arabhi, Scottish pentatonic 2 2 3 2 3 Major pentatonic, Ryosen: Japan, Raga Bhopali (Bhup), Mohana 2 3 2 3 2 Yo: Japan, Suspended pentatonic, Raga Madhyamavati 1 4 2 2 3 Altered pentatonic 2 1 2 4 3 Raga Abhogi 4 2 1 4 1 Raga Amritavarsini 4 1 4 2 1 Raga Bhinna Shadja 1 2 4 1 4 Balinese Pelog, Raga Bhupalam, Bhupala Todi, Bibhas 3 2 4 2 1 Raga Chandrakauns (modern), Raga Marga Hindola 2 3 2 4 1 Raga Desh 5 2 1 3 1 Raga Devaranji 3 2 2 3 2 Minor pentatonic, Raga Dhani (Suddha Dhanyasi), Abheri 4 1 2 4 1 Raga Gambhiranata 1 4 2 4 1 Raga Gauri 2 2 3 4 1 Raga Hamsadhvani 2 2 2 5 1 Raga Kumurdaki 3 2 3 2 2 Raga Malkauns (Malakosh), Hindola 2 5 2 1 2 Raga Matha Kokila 1 3 1 3 4 Raga Megharanjani 1 3 1 6 1 Raga Megharanji 3 3 1 4 1 Raga Multani 1 1 4 1 5 Raga Nabhomani 4 1 2 2 3 Raga Nagasvaravali, Raga Mand 3 2 2 4 1 Raga Nata, Raga Udayaravicandrika 4 2 3 2 1 Raga Hindol (Sunada Vinodini) 2 1 2 2 5 Raga Purnalalita 5 2 2 2 1 Raga Puruhutika 1 3 3 1 4 Raga Reva, Ramkali 1 5 1 1 4 Raga Saugandhini 2 1 4 2 3 Raga Sivaranjini, Akebono I: Japan, Dorian pentatonic 4 3 2 1 2 Raga Valaji 2 2 3 3 2 Dominant pentatonic 4 1 2 3 2 Mixolydian pentatonic 3 2 2 2 3 Minor added sixth pentatonic 2 2 2 2 2 2 Whole-tone, Messiaen's mode 1, Raga Gopriya 2 3 2 2 1 2 Pyongjo: Korea, Raga Darbar 2 2 2 3 1 2 Prometheus 1 3 2 3 1 2 Prometheus Neapolitan 3 2 1 1 3 2 Blues scale I 1 2 2 3 2 2 Ritsu: Japan, Raga Suddha Todi 2 2 1 2 2 3 Arezzo Major Diatonic Hexachord, Raga Kambhoji, Devarangini 2 1 2 2 3 2 Minor hexatonic, Raga Palasi, Manirangu 2 1 2 4 1 2 Raga Bagesri, Sriranjani 1 3 3 1 3 1 Raga Bauli 3 1 1 2 3 2 Raga Bhanumanjari 1 2 3 2 2 2 Raga Bhavani 2 3 2 1 3 1 Raga Bhinna Pancama 2 2 2 1 4 1 Raga Caturangini 1 1 4 1 2 3 Raga Chandrajyoti 1 3 2 1 1 4 Raga Dhavalangam 2 2 1 1 1 5 Raga Dipak 1 2 2 2 3 2 Raga Gandharavam 1 3 1 2 4 1 Raga Gaula 2 1 2 3 3 1 Raga Ghantana 3 2 2 1 2 2 Raga Gopikavasantam, Desya Todi 1 2 3 2 3 1 Raga Gurjari Todi 1 3 2 3 2 1 Raga Hamsanandi, Raga Marva, Raga Pancama 2 2 1 4 2 1 Raga Hamsa Vinodini 4 1 2 2 2 1 Raga Hari Nata, Genus secundum 1 3 2 2 1 3 Raga Hejjajji 2 4 1 1 2 2 Raga Jaganmohanam 1 4 2 2 2 1 Raga Jivantika 3 3 1 3 1 1 Raga Jivantini 4 2 1 1 2 2 Raga Jyoti 2 1 3 1 4 1 Raga Kaikavasi 1 3 3 1 1 3 Raga Kalagada 1 4 2 1 1 3 Raga Kalakanthi 1 3 1 2 2 3 Raga Kalavati, Ragamalini 4 1 2 2 1 2 Raga Khamas, Baduhari 2 2 3 2 2 1 Raga Kumud, Sankara 1 3 1 3 3 1 Raga Lalita, Sohini (Hamsanandi) 2 2 3 1 3 1 Raga Latika 3 3 1 2 1 2 Raga Madhukauns 2 4 1 3 1 1 Raga Malarani (Hamsanada) 1 3 3 2 1 2 Raga Malayamarutam 2 1 4 2 1 2 Raga Manavi 1 3 2 1 4 1 Raga Mandari 3 2 2 2 1 2 Raga Manohari 2 2 2 3 2 1 Raga Mruganandana 2 3 2 2 2 1 Raga Nagagandhari 2 2 1 2 4 1 Raga Nalinakanti, Kedaram 2 3 2 1 2 2 Raga Navamanohari 1 4 2 1 3 1 Raga Padi 4 1 2 1 3 1 Raga Paraju, Simhavahini 1 4 2 1 2 2 Raga Phenadyuti 1 3 1 2 1 4 Raga Purna Pancama, Malahari, Geyahejjajji 2 2 1 4 1 2 Raga Rageshri (Rageshwari) 2 1 3 3 2 1 Raga Ranjani 3 1 2 1 4 1 Raga Rasamanjari 1 4 2 2 1 2 Raga Rasavali 1 3 1 4 1 2 Raga Rudra Pancama 2 3 2 3 1 1 Raga Sarang 2 4 1 2 1 2 Raga Sarasvati 4 1 2 1 1 3 Raga Saravati 2 1 3 1 3 2 Raga Simharava 2 1 2 2 4 1 Raga Sindhura Kafi 2 2 1 2 3 2 Raga Siva Kambhoji 2 1 2 2 2 3 Raga Suddha Bangala, Gauri Velavali 1 1 3 3 1 3 Raga Suddha Mukhari 1 2 2 2 1 4 Raga Suddha Simantini 2 1 3 1 1 4 Raga Syamalam 3 2 2 1 3 1 Raga Takka 4 1 2 3 1 1 Raga Tilang 1 3 1 4 2 1 Raga Vasanta, Chayavati 1 3 2 3 2 2 Raga Vasantabhairavi 2 1 3 1 2 3 Raga Vijayanagari 1 2 3 1 4 1 Raga Vijayasri 4 2 1 3 1 1 Raga Vijayavasanta 2 2 2 1 2 3 Raga Yamuna Kalyani 1 1 4 1 1 4 Messiaen's mode 5 4 1 1 4 1 1 Messiaen's mode 5 inverse 1 3 1 3 1 3 Messiaen's truncated mode 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 Messiaen's truncated mode 3 inverse, Augmented scale, Genus tertium 1 2 3 1 2 3 Messiaen's truncated mode 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 Messiaen's truncated mode 2 ! G Greek, M Medieval (ecclesiastical) 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 G.Mixolydian, G.Hyperdorian, M.Hypophrygian, M.Locrian 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 G.Lydian, M.Ionian, M.Hypolydian, Bilaval That, Mela Shankarabharanam, Major 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 G.Phrygian, M.Dorian, M.Hypomixolydian, Kafi That, Mela Kharaharapriya, Raga Sriraga, Mischung 5 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 G.Dorian, M.Phrygian, M.Hypoaeolian, Bhairavi That, Mela Hanumatodi, Major inverse, Raga Asaveri 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 G.Hypolydian, M.Lydian, Kalyan That (Yaman), Mela Mecakalyani, Chinese heptatonic 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 G.Hypophrygian, G.Ionian (Iastian), M.Mixolydian, M.Hypoionian, Khamaj That, Mela Harikambhoji, Mischung 3 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 G.M.Hypodorian, G.M.Aeolian, G.Hyperphrygian, Asavari That, Mela Nathabhairavi, Natural Minor 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 Chromatic Mixolydian 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 Chromatic Lydian, Raga Lalit 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 Chromatic Phrygian 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 Chromatic Dorian, Mela Kanakangi, Raga Kanakambari 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 Chromatic Hypolydian, Purvi That, Mela Kamavardhani, Raga Shri, Pantuvarali, Kasiramakriya 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 Chromatic Hypophrygian 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 Chromatic Hypodorian 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 Chromatic Mixolydian inverse 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 Chromatic Phrygian inverse 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 Chromatic Hypophrygian inverse 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 Chromatic Hypodorian inverse 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 Melodic Minor ascending, Mela Gaurimanohari, Jazz Minor, Mischung 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 Harmonic Minor, Spanish gipsy, Pilu That, Mela Kiravani, Raga Kiranavali, Mischung 4 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 Harmonic Minor inverse, Mela Cakravaka, Raga Ahir Bhairav, Bindumalini 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 Harmonic Major, Mela Sarasangi, Mischung 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 2 Phrygian Flat 4 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 Lydian Augmented 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 Major Locrian 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 Minor Locrian, Half Diminished, Locrian sharp 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 Super Locrian, Altered, Diminished Whole-tone 1 1 3 2 1 2 2 Mela Ratnangi, Raga Phenadyuti 1 1 3 2 1 3 1 Mela Ganamurti, Raga Ganasamavarali 1 1 3 2 2 1 2 Mela Vanaspati, Raga Bhanumati 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 Mela Manavati, Raga Manoranjani 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 Mela Tanarupi, Raga Tanukirti 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 Mela Senavati, Raga Senagrani 1 2 2 2 1 3 1 Neapolitan Minor, Mela Dhenuka, Raga Dhunibinnashadjam, Maqam Shahnaz Kurdi 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 Neapolitan Major, Mela Kokilapriya, Raga Kokilaravam 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 Mela Natakapriya, Jazz Minor inverse, Phrygian sharp 6, Raga Natabharanam 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 Mela Rupavati 1 3 1 1 2 3 1 Raga Lalita, Chromatic Hypolydian inverse, Raga Suddha Pancama 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 Mela Gayakapriya 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 Mela Vakulabharanam, Alhijaz: Arabic, Harmonic Major inverse, Raga Vativasantabhairavi 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 Major Gipsy, Persian, Double Harmonic, Bhairav That, Mela Mayamalavagaula 1 3 1 2 2 2 1 Mela Suryakanta, Bhairubahar That 1 3 1 2 3 1 1 Mela Hatakambari, Raga Jeyasuddhamalavi 2 1 2 1 1 3 2 Modified Blues 2 1 2 2 1 1 3 Mela Jhankaradhvani, Raga Jhankara Bhramavi 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 Mela Varunapriya 2 2 1 2 1 1 3 Mela Mararanjani 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 Mela Carukesi, Raga Tarangini, Mischung 6, Fifth mode of Melodic Minor 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 Mela Naganandini, Raga Nagabharanam, Samanta 3 1 1 2 1 1 3 Mela Yagapriya 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 Mela Ragavardhani, Raga Cudamani 3 1 1 2 1 3 1 Mela Gangeyabhusani, Raga Gangatarangini 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 Mela Vagadhisvari, Raga Bhogachayanata 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 Mela Sulini, Raga Sailadesakshi 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 Mela Calanata, Raga None, Chromatic Dorian inverse 1 1 4 1 1 1 3 Mela Salaga 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 Mela Jalarnava 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 Mela Jhalavarali, Raga Varali 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 Mela Navanitam 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 Mela Pavani, Raga Kumbhini 1 1 4 1 3 1 1 Mela Raghupriya, Raga Ravikriya 1 2 3 1 1 1 3 Mela Gavambodhi, Raga Girvani 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 Mela Bhavapriya, Raga Bhavani 1 2 3 1 1 3 1 Todi That, Mela Shubhapantuvarali, Chromatic Lydian inverse 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 Mela Sadvidhamargini, Raga Sthavarajam 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 Mela Suvarnangi, Raga Sauviram 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 Mela Divyamani 1 3 2 1 1 1 3 Mela Dhavalambari, Foulds' Mantra of Will scale 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 Mela Namanarayani, Raga Narmada 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 Mela Ramapriya, Raga Ramamanohari, Petrushka chord 1 3 2 1 2 2 1 Marva That, Mela Gamanasrama, Raga Gamakakriya 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 Mela Visvambhari, Raga Vamsavathi 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 Verdi's Enigmatic ascending 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 Verdi's Enigmatic descending 2 1 3 1 1 1 3 Mela Syamalangi, Raga Shyamalam 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 Mela Sanmukhapriya, Raga Camara 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 Minor Gipsy, Mela Simhendramadhyama, Raga Madhava Manohari, Maqam Suzdil, Nawa Athar 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 Mela Hemavati, Raga Desisimharavam, Maqam Nakriz 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 Mela Dharmavati 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 Mela Nitimati, Raga Nisada 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 Mela Kantamani, Raga Kuntala, Srutiranjani 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 Lydian Minor, Mela Risabhapriya, Raga Ratipriya 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 Mela Latangi, Raga Gitapriya 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 Lydian Dominant, Mela Vacaspati, Overtone, Raga Bhusavati 2 2 2 1 3 1 1 Mela Citrambari, Raga Chaturangini 2 2 1 4 1 1 1 Raga Ragesri 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 Raga Sorati 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 Mela Sucaritra, Raga Santanamanjari 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 Mela Jyotisvarupini 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 Mela Dhatuvardhani, Raga Dhauta Pancama 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 Hungarian Major, Mela Nasikabhusani, Raga Nasamani 3 1 2 1 2 2 1 Mela Kosalam, Raga Kusumakaram 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 Mela Rasikapriya, Raga Rasamanjari 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 Raga Madhuri 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 Oriental 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 Leading Whole-tone 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 Raga Cintamani 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Raga Mian Ki Malhar 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 Raga Mukhari 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 Raga Ramkali 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 Raga Saurastra 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 Minor Bebop, Raga Zilla 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 Genus diatonicum, Dominant Bebop, Raga Khamaj, Desh Malhar, Maqam Shawq Awir 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 Major Bebop 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 Blues scale II 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 Spanish Phrygian 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 Espla's scale, Eight-tone Spanish 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Diminished, Messiaen's mode 2 inverse, Whole-Half step scale 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 Ishikotsucho: Japan, Raga Yaman Kalyan, Chaya Nat 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 Verdi's Scala enigmatica 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 Zirafkend: Arabic 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 Magen Abot mode 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 Maqam Nahawand 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 Maqam Hijaz 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 2 Maqam Shadd'araban 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 Octatonic, Messiaen's mode 2, Dominant Diminished, Half-Whole step scale 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 Messiaen's mode 4 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 Messiaen's mode 4 inverse 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 Messiaen's mode 6 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 Messiaen's mode 6 inverse 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 Messiaen's mode 3, Tsjerepnin 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 Messiaen's mode 3 inverse 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 Raga Pilu 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 Raga Ramdasi Malhar 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 Taishikicho: a mode of "rock boxes" 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 Genus chromaticum 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 Messiaen's mode 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 Messiaen's mode 7 inverse 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Major/Minor mixed 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 Minor pentatonic with leading tones 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Twelve-tone Chromatic ! ! 13 tone modes of Bohlen-Pierce scale: 13th root of 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 Delta 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 Delta inverse 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 Gamma 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 Gamma inverse 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Pierce ! ! 15 tone equal modes: 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 Blackwood Decatonic 4 1 4 1 4 1 Blackwood Hexatonic 3 2 1 3 2 3 1 Fifteen-tone Major 3 1 2 3 1 3 2 Fifteen-tone Minor 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 Twelve-tone Chromatic ! ! 16 tone equal modes: 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 Goldsmith 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 Octatonic ! ! 17 tone modes of Arabic Pythagorean scale: ! 256/243 65536/59049 9/8 32/27 8192/6561 81/64 4/3 1024/729 262144/177147 3/2 ! 128/81 32768/19683 27/16 16/9 4096/2187 1048576/531441 2/1 ! 3 3 1 3 3 1 3 Safi al-Din's maqam `Ussaq 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Nawa 1 3 3 1 3 3 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Abu Salik 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Rast 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 1 Safi al-Din's maqam `Iraq 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 Safi al-Din's maqam Isfahan 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 2 Safi al-Din's maqam Zirafkand 2 3 2 2 1 3 2 2 Safi al-Din's maqam Buzurk 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Zankulah 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Rahawi 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Husaini 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 Safi al-Din's maqam Higazi 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 al-Kindi's mode 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 Ishaq al-Mausili's mode ! ! 17 tone equal modes: 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 Twelve-tone Chromatic (2/11-comma positive) 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 Seventeen-tone Major 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 Seventeen-tone Minor ! ! 19 tone modes: 5 4 5 5 Four out of 19 4 4 4 4 3 Five out of 19 3 3 3 3 3 4 Yasser's Hexad 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 Nineteen-tone Major 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 Nineteen-tone Natural Minor 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 Nineteen-tone Melodic Minor 3 3 2 3 2 4 2 Nineteen-tone Harmonic Major 3 2 3 3 2 4 2 Nineteen-tone Harmonic Minor 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 Eight out of 19 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 Nine out of 19 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ten out of 19 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 Eleven out of 19 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 Twelve out of 19 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 Mean-tone Chromatic (1/3-comma) 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 Thirteen out of 19 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 Fourteen out of 19 ! ! 20 tone equal modes: 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 Balzano 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 Octatonic 3 4 1 4 3 3 2 Twenty-tone Major 3 2 3 4 1 4 3 Twenty-tone Minor 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 Twelve-tone Chromatic ! ! 22 tone modes of Indian shruti scale: ! 256/243 16/15 10/9 9/8 32/27 6/5 5/4 81/64 4/3 27/20 45/32 729/512 (or 64/45) ! 3/2 128/81 8/5 5/3 27/16 16/9 9/5 15/8 243/128 2/1 ! 4 3 2 4 4 3 2 Shadja Grama, Murcchana Uttaramandra [20] 2 4 3 2 4 4 3 Murcchana Rajani [17] 3 2 4 3 2 4 4 Murcchana Uttarayata 4 3 2 4 3 2 4 Murcchana Suddhasadja, Raga Harikambhoji, Palaiyazh 4 4 3 2 4 3 2 Murcchana Asvakranta 2 4 4 3 2 4 3 Murcchana Matsarikrita 3 2 4 4 3 2 4 Murcchana Abhirudgata, Raga Kafi 4 3 2 4 3 4 2 Madhyama Grama, Raga Bilaval, Murcchana Suddhamadhya [20] 2 4 3 2 4 3 4 Murcchana Margavi 3 4 2 4 3 2 4 Murcchana Hrishyaka 4 3 4 2 4 3 2 Murcchana Sauviri, Raga Kalyan 2 4 3 4 2 4 3 Murcchana Harinasva [4] 3 2 4 3 4 2 4 Murcchana Kalopanata 3 2 4 3 3 3 4 Gandhaara Grama (Sarngadeva der. sa-grama) 3 2 4 3 2 4 4 Gandhaara Grama (Sarngadeva der. ma-grama) 4 2 4 3 3 3 3 Gandhaara Grama (Narada der. sa-grama) 4 2 4 3 2 4 3 Gandhaara Grama (Narada der. ma-grama), Murcchana Pauravi 4 2 3 4 2 4 3 Gandhaara Grama (Damodara) 2 4 3 3 3 4 3 Gandhaara Grama (Somanatha) 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 Raga Asavari 2 6 1 4 2 6 1 Raga Bhairav 2 4 3 4 2 3 4 Raga Bhairavi 4 5 4 4 5 Raga Durga 4 3 6 7 2 Raga Hamsadhvani 3 4 2 4 3 4 2 Raga Jogiya 2 3 4 4 2 3 4 Raga Kanakangi 4 3 2 4 4 1 4 Raga Khamaj 4 3 2 4 3 6 Raga Kambhoji 4 2 3 4 4 2 3 Raga Kharaharapriya 6 3 6 3 4 Raga Malkauns 2 5 4 2 4 3 2 Raga Marva 1 7 1 4 2 2 4 1 Raga Saurastra 2 7 4 1 8 Raga Saveri 3 6 4 3 6 Raga Suddha Malhar 6 3 4 2 5 2 Raga Takka 7 2 4 5 2 2 Raga Tilang 1 4 6 2 1 7 1 Raga Todi 1 4 7 1 1 6 2 Raga Varali 4 3 4 2 3 4 2 Raga Yaman 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 Modern Indian gamut 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 2 Old Indian gamut ! ! 22 tone mode of Tamil matra scale: 4 4 3 2 4 3 2 Seven-tone gamut (saptaka) ! ! 22 tone equal modes (Paul Erlich): 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 Standard Pentachordal Major 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 Static Symmetrical Major 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 Alternate Pentachordal Major 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 Dynamic Symmetrical Major 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 Standard Pentachordal Minor 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 Static Symmetrical Minor 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 Alternate Pentachordal Minor 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 Dynamic Symmetrical Minor 4 1 4 4 1 4 4 Sub-minor 4 4 1 4 4 4 1 Super-major 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 Major quasi-equal heptatonic 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 Minor quasi-equal heptatonic 4 3 3 4 4 4 Harmonic whole-tone 4 3 2 4 3 4 2 Twenty-two tone Major 4 2 3 4 2 4 3 Twenty-two tone Minor ! ! 24 tone modes: 1 1 8 1 1 8 4 Enharmonic Mixolydian 1 8 1 1 8 4 1 Enharmonic Lydian 8 1 1 8 4 1 1 Enharmonic Phrygian 1 1 8 4 1 1 8 Enharmonic Dorian 1 8 4 1 1 8 1 Enharmonic Hypolydian 8 4 1 1 8 1 1 Enharmonic Hypophrygian 4 1 1 8 1 1 8 Enharmonic Hypodorian 2 3 5 2 3 5 4 Soft Diatonic Mixolydian 3 5 2 3 5 4 2 Soft Diatonic Lydian 5 2 3 5 4 2 3 Soft Diatonic Phrygian 2 3 5 4 2 3 5 Soft Diatonic Dorian 3 5 4 2 3 5 2 Soft Diatonic Hypolydian 5 4 2 3 5 2 3 Soft Diatonic Hypophrygian 4 2 3 5 2 3 5 Soft Diatonic Hypodorian 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 Neutral Diatonic Mixolydian 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 Neutral Diatonic Lydian 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 Arabic Diatonic, Maqam Rast, Quasi-equal heptatonic, Neutral Diatonic Phrygian 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 Neutral Diatonic Dorian 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 Maqam Sikah, Neutral Diatonic Hypolydian 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 Neutral Diatonic Hypophrygian 4 3 3 4 3 3 4 Miha'il Musaqa's mode: Egyptian, Neutral Diatonic Hypodorian 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 Mohajira 3 5 2 4 3 5 2 Athanasopoulos' Byzantine Liturgical Chromatic 1 5 4 4 1 5 4 Diatonic + Enharmonic Diesis Dorian 5 5 4 5 5 Quasi-equal pentatonic 3 3 4 4 2 4 4 Maqam Bayati, Maqam 'Ushshaq Turki 3 3 2 6 2 4 4 Maqam Saba, Maqam Mansuri 4 3 3 4 2 6 2 Maqam Suznak 4 3 3 4 4 2 1 3 Maqam Mahur, Maqam Dilkashidah 4 3 1 2 1 3 4 2 1 3 Maqam Yakah 3 3 4 2 6 2 4 Maqam Qarjighar 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 3 Maqam Huzam 3 4 4 2 1 3 4 3 Maqam Musta'ar 3 2 6 2 4 4 3 Maqam 'Iraq 5 2 4 2 4 4 3 Maqam Bastanikar 4 2 6 2 4 2 1 3 Maqam Farah Faza 4 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 Maqam Hayyan 4 2 1 3 2 2 4 2 1 3 Maqam Basandida 4 4 2 1 3 2 2 4 2 Maqam Shawq Afza 2 1 3 2 2 4 2 4 2 2 Maqam Shawq Tarab 3 1 2 1 4 4 2 4 4 Maqam Jabburi 2 4 4 4 3 3 4 Maqam Nawa 2 5 3 4 2 5 3 Maqam Higaz-kar 3 4 4 2 4 4 3 Maqam Su'ar 3 6 1 5 2 6 1 Maqam Aug-ara 4 1 5 4 2 6 2 Maqam Buselik 4 2 6 2 2 5 3 Maqam Neuter 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 de Vries Tridecatonic 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 de Vries Enneatonic 9 2 2 9 2 de Vries Pentatonic ! ! 26 tone equal modes: 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 3 Mean-tone Chromatic (4/9-comma) 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 Twenty-six tone Major 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 Twenty-six tone Minor ! ! 27 tone equal modes: 5 4 2 5 4 5 2 Twenty-seven tone Major 5 2 4 5 2 5 4 Twenty-seven tone Minor ! ! 28 tone equal mode: 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 Octatonic ! ! 31 tone equal modes: 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 Mean-tone Chromatic (1/4-comma) 5 5 3 5 5 5 3 Thirty-one tone Major 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 Thirty-one tone Natural Minor 5 3 5 5 5 5 3 Thirty-one tone Melodic Minor 5 5 3 5 3 7 3 Thirty-one tone Harmonic Major 5 3 5 5 3 7 3 Thirty-one tone Harmonic Minor 5 8 5 13 Genus primum 10 3 5 5 5 3 Genus secundum 8 2 8 3 7 3 Genus tertium 10 10 10 1 Genus quartum 5 7 6 7 5 1 Genus quintum 4 6 2 6 4 3 3 3 Genus sextum 4 6 5 6 4 6 Genus septimum 6 6 6 1 6 6 Genus octavum 4 6 9 6 4 2 Genus nonum 13 6 6 6 Genus decimum 5 5 3 5 5 3 2 3 Genus diatonicum 3 5 2 3 5 3 2 5 3 Genus chromaticum ! ! 34 tone equal modes: 6 5 3 6 5 6 3 Thirty-four tone Major 6 3 5 6 3 6 5 Thirty-four tone Minor ! ! 36 tone equal modes: 2 2 11 2 2 11 6 Soft Chromatic Mixolydian 2 11 2 2 11 6 2 Soft Chromatic Lydian 11 2 2 11 6 2 2 Soft Chromatic Phrygian 2 2 11 6 2 2 11 Soft Chromatic Dorian 2 11 6 2 2 11 2 Soft Chromatic Hypolydian 11 6 2 2 11 2 2 Soft Chromatic Hypophrygian 6 2 2 11 2 2 11 Soft Chromatic Hypodorian 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 Equal Diatonic Mixolydian 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 Equal Diatonic Lydian 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 Equal Diatonic Phrygian 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 Equal Diatonic Dorian 5 5 6 5 5 5 5 Equal Diatonic Hypolydian 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 Equal Diatonic Hypophrygian 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 Equal Diatonic Hypodorian ! ! 41 tone equal modes: 7 6 4 7 6 7 4 Forty-one tone Major 7 4 6 7 4 7 6 Forty-one tone Minor ! ! 43 tone equal modes: 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 4 Mean-tone Chromatic (1/5-comma) 7 7 4 7 7 7 4 Forty-three tone Major 7 4 7 7 4 7 7 Forty-three tone Minor ! ! 45 tone equal modes: 2 5 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 5 2 5 Mean-tone Chromatic (2/5-comma) 7 7 5 7 7 7 5 Forty-five tone Major 7 5 7 7 5 7 7 Forty-five tone Minor ! ! 46 tone equal modes: 8 7 4 8 7 8 4 Forty-six tone Major 8 4 7 8 4 8 7 Forty-six tone Minor ! ! 48 tone equal modes: 3 3 14 3 3 14 8 Hemiolic Chromatic Mixolydian 3 14 3 3 14 8 3 Hemiolic Chromatic Lydian 14 3 3 14 8 3 3 Hemiolic Chromatic Phrygian 3 3 14 8 3 3 14 Hemiolic Chromatic Dorian 3 14 8 3 3 14 3 Hemiolic Chromatic Hypolydian 14 8 3 3 14 3 3 Hemiolic Chromatic Hypophrygian 8 3 3 14 3 3 14 Hemiolic Chromatic Hypodorian ! ! 50 tone equal modes: 3 5 5 3 5 3 5 5 3 5 3 5 Mean-tone Chromatic (2/7-comma) 8 8 5 8 8 8 5 Fifty tone Major 8 5 8 8 5 8 8 Fifty tone Minor ! ! 53 tone equal modes: 5 4 5 3 5 4 5 5 3 5 4 5 Just Chromatic 9 8 5 9 8 9 5 Fifty-three tone Major 9 5 8 9 5 9 8 Fifty-three tone Minor 9 8 5 9 9 8 5 Maqam Rast 9 4 9 9 4 9 9 Maqam Nahawand ! ! 55 tone equal modes: 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 Mean-tone Chromatic (1/6-comma) 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 Sauveur's Musician's System 9 9 5 9 9 9 5 Fifty-five tone Major 9 5 9 9 5 9 9 Fifty-five tone Minor Manuel Op de Coul coul@ezh.nl Received: from ns.ezh.nl [137.174.112.59] by vbv40.ezh.nl with SMTP-OpenVMS via TCP/IP; Sun, 16 Feb 1997 16:10 +0100 Received: by ns.ezh.nl; (5.65v3.2/1.3/10May95) id AA07756; Sun, 16 Feb 1997 16:10:29 +0100 Received: from ella.mills.edu by ns (smtpxd); id XA07757 Received: from by ella.mills.edu via SMTP (940816.SGI.8.6.9/930416.SGI) id HAA04722; Sun, 16 Feb 1997 07:08:37 -0800 Date: Sun, 16 Feb 1997 07:08:37 -0800 Message-Id: <199702161003_MC2-1153-A226@compuserve.com> Errors-To: madole@mills.edu Reply-To: tuning@ella.mills.edu Originator: tuning@eartha.mills.edu Sender: tuning@ella.mills.edu